How to Analyze Interview Data in Qualitative Research

Introduction

Interviews are a rich source of qualitative data, offering insights into participants’ thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Analyzing interview data systematically ensures these insights are accurately captured and interpreted.

1. Transcription

Convert recorded interviews into written form.
Decide between verbatim transcription (word-for-word) or clean transcription (removing fillers).

2. Familiarization

Read transcripts multiple times.
Highlight meaningful statements and note first impressions.

3. Coding

Assign codes to significant portions of text.
Codes can be descriptive (“financial barriers”) or interpretive (“perceived inequality”).

4. Identifying Themes

Group similar codes into broader themes.
Example: Codes “doctor rushes appointment” and “little eye contact” may form the theme “lack of personalized care.”

5. Contextualizing Responses

Consider background information such as participant demographics or setting.
Explore how personal contexts influence responses.

6. Validating Findings

Share interpretations with other researchers for peer review.
Use participant feedback to confirm accuracy.

Conclusion

Analyzing interview data in qualitative research involves careful transcription, coding, and theme development. When done well, it transforms spoken words into powerful insights that address the research question.